Impact of the Constitution essays

Effect of the Constitution articles The Federal Convention assembled in the State House in Philadelphia on May 14, 1787, to reconsider the Articles of Confederation (Burns 19). This was the start of one of the most noteworthy, versatile, and emblematic report at any point written in mankind's history. Prior to this, Thomas Jefferson drafted The Declaration of Independence. This occurred between June 11 and June 28, 1776 (Mount 3). It was and still is the country's most loved image of freedom. Both of these records were composed to fill various needs in the eighteenth century but then, their implications have adjusted after some time. They keep on being extremely significant reports that we live by even today. The Declaration of Independence and the Constitution are critical to us now, yet they filled a significantly more prominent need in the first place. The Declaration of Independence was composed by Thomas Jefferson as a methods for communicating precisely what was in the hearts and psyches of the settlers at that point. Fundamentally, it was a rundown of complaints kept in touch with the world to give reason concerning why the pioneers of the New England regions were going to rebel against their King in England. The expectation of the record was to pick up help; not just the help of the individuals in the thirteen provinces, yet in addition the help of different countries around the globe (About 1). In addition to the fact that it served this reason, it gave the individuals of the United States a substantial composed item that set down precisely what rights the individuals had. This gave them a feeling of solidarity and pride in themselves and one another. The Constitution, then again , was somewhat extraordinary. The Constitution was composed to supplant the Articles of Confederation. That records design was to give the structure to the Union and give the individuals the law during the hour of the Revolutionary War (Henick 2). After the war, the Continental Congress realized that the Articles would not be sufficiently adequate to give the system to another go... <!

Australian Migration and Practice for Citizenship - myassignmenthelp

Question: Talk about theAustralian Migration Law and Practicefor Citizenship. Answer: Conversation Sub: A Comprehensive Letter of Advice Dear Anna, It is advised to you about the subtleties of the relocation procedure where you have gotten an enrollment for being a movement operator in Australia. Thusly an enormous of commitment has lied for you where it is important to follows the Code of Conduct according to the Migration Act 1958. There is a unique standard in the set of accepted rules where the relocation operators will undoubtedly tail them while they are rehearsing in the handy field. The customers whom they are leading, towards them it is their obligation to offer types of assistance in an appropriate moral and legal ways[1]. The set of accepted rules set such enactment where it assists with controlling, screen and direct the relocation operators according to the behaviors. it is additionally causes you to realize that the Code of Conducts is enact by the Section 314 of the Migration Act 1958 and which is likewise referenced in Schedule 2, Regulation 8 of the Migration Agents Regulations 1998. The Migration Agents Registration Authority (MARA) is the main administrative bodies were the Code of Conducts is assists with performing. Thusly the authority likewise referenced such enactments where it has been referenced that in the event that the enrolled relocation operators have penetrated the Code of Conducts, at that point they can misfortune their enlistment and furthermore finned with penalties[2]. As indicated by the contextual analysis, it has been discovered that she has as of late got the enlistment from the Migration Agents Registration Authority (MARA) and began to rehearse in the new field. The sec-303(1) of the Migration Act gives the enactments where it has been referenced about the demonstrations of the Migration Agents Registration Authority who has rights to take lawful activities against the relocation specialist who neglects to keep up the Code of Conducts then they can drop the authority of the enlistment of the movement agent[3]. The Code of Conducts has some specific of point which incorporates: It assists with setting and set up a specific standard of behaviors for the enlisted relocation operators. The base characteristics where the relocation specialists can finish works as indicated by the codes[4]. In this way the relocation specialists are likewise requires having the enough capacity to think about the enactment of the Migration Act and Migration Regulations promotion other significant enactments which are material in Australia[5]. This is the obligation of the movement operator that they will act with genuineness and steadily. The managing the customers additionally requires having reasonable terms where they should comprehend the issues of the relocation specialists and act as indicated by the best possible method of managing the customers who will come to them[6]. They are additionally requires to be able to oversee and control the issues of the customers. It is imperative to build up a connection between the relocation operator and customer. The code of behaviors additionally set such arrangements where it is imperative to follow the precise procedure while they are directing with the relocation procedure for their customers. As per the procedure of the specialists are required to set charges for the preparing expenses of the relocation demonstrations. it is the obligation of them that they will settle the debates of the customers who confronting issues[7]. In this Case, however Anna has the authority of the movement specialist, she has no involvement with the handy field. As she has the request from a presumed customer she has placed wrong data about her involvement with the training field of movement operator. Thusly for her own advantages in her training field she has penetrate the code of behaviors of the movement specialists. She has just taken the propelled installment for the preparing of the relocation specialist. Presently she will undoubtedly offer each support to her customer. Presently as indicated by the code of behaviors the relocation operator should imply with any behaviors under the control of social or ethnic exercise which is against of the ethic rehearses. In this manner she has penetrated the obligation of the relocation operator as indicated by the code of behaviors. The enrolled operators is requires to have the capacity work as indicated by the code of conducts[8]. The relocation operator enlistment authority MARA is presented the self guideline movement process for the movement specialists where they follow their obligations towards the customers while they are directing with the visa procedure for the relocation purposes[9]. The relocation a possibility has a few do it is towards the customer where they should perform as per the code of behaviors. They should offer types of assistance with respect to the relocation procedure and they are likewise paid for their administrations. The movement operators should offer types of assistance and Advisors for the migration help where they can get monetary advantages for offering types of assistance they have the information to process for the movement for their customers where they realize the relocation demonstration, relocation Regulation and other movement technique which are connected with a few strategies and procedures[10]. While they helping their customers they ought to have the goal to help th at individual where they additionally it ready to give the best possible data in the event that any contention emerges, at that point it is the obligation of the movement specialist that they ought to comprehend the issues and the applied for the movement administrations while the relocation operators are charging to their customers for the administrations. It additionally important to get some information about legitimate charges which are not influences the customers monetary condition. In this manner it is likewise essential that the Advisors which they are giving ought to referenced orally or recorded as a hard copy since then should not hold out any unsubstituted or unjustified possibilities which acids a definitive accomplishment for that client[11]. Notwithstanding the circumstance it additionally referenced that are not give any off-base data of documentation in the relocation authority since it will may cause punishments for break of agreement. The visa preparing is depends bookkeeping to the visa procedure by the movement operators and if any additional conditions or any capability or any adjustment the relocation specialists are required to have more face then they can give the data to the customer alongside the administration charges. The Other constitution charges are different[12]. The section 3 of the movement Act 1958 the segment 312 has enact the arrangements where the relocation operators while offering types of assistance according to the migration administration towards the customer where they should give the data about the notice with respect to the visa applications. It has been handled under a procedure which serves to the movement operators that they should work as indicated by the wellbeing and must apply the p roper existing law of arrangement with respect to the issues of the customer. the contention ought not set while the relocation operators are chipping away at any issues and they are playing out their services[13]. In the event that any issue happens which influence the customers, at that point they can end the administrations by the movement specialist. The operators must have and protection where they can offer types of assistance towards the customers who are having any money related misfortunes at the hour of handling then the guideline of 6B. While the relocation specialists are putting any promotion on the Internet in this way they should are required to put the organization name and the enrollment number which assists with giving a point by point data about the administration provider[14]. The relocation specialists are additionally put the obligations towards their customers where they should give the insights regarding the composed assent which is required for the procedure in movement. In the event that they concurred with the offer, at that point they ought to have a duplicate of the shopper administrations and make a record for the procedure. The other potential subtleties are additionally should gather by the relocation specialist. They are likewise bound to the obligations where they are not permitted to uncover any insights regarding dear customers data who are leading the migration services[15]. Presently as you are making the application for a Business Talent visa class EA subclass 132, it is important to follow a few prerequisites to lose the legitimate visa application. It is a lasting living arrangement visa which not characterizes as speculation visa. At the point when an individual who is younger than 55 they got a unique license for perpetual living arrangement because of their incredible business foundation and who are high total assets people[16]. This visa offers the types of assistance to the up-and-comers who need to settle in a specific Territory or State of Australia for setting up a business and which likewise makes extraordinary monetary focal points to that specific Territory of that state then this visa will give the open door for those visa competitors who need to Grab the opportunity[17]. While the candidate apply for this visa they should have compose an application to present a declaration of intrigue (EOI) through the online Visa and migration offices. It likewise gives more than one Australia Business Talent visa class EA subclass 132 under a specific stream of Venture Capital Entrepreneurs Stream and the Significant Business History Stream[18]. The critical business history stream gives the power to the prosperous proprietors all the part where they are intrigued to keep up key administration job in that current business. In the other hand the investment business visionaries streams give search noteworthiness where the candidates who got in any event Aud1 million in subsidizing from any Australian funding bunch with the end goal of the business. The essential necessities for the use of business telling visa subclass 132 the applicant must present the UAE they should have the assignment from any Australia Territory or State Administrative the individual ought to b e matured underneath 55 years they should have has organizations and different assets which net worth ought to be AUD 1.5 million[19]. There are some significant advantages for the candidate who got the perpetual business visa of sub

Critical Issues in Globalisation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Basic Issues in Globalization - Essay Example Through assessing its current business circumstance, Marks and Spencer needs to audit its market division, share out its items to different objective markets, and serve its customers effectively. Presentation Marks and Spencer is an overall organization that spreads all through Europe, Asia and North America. It sells footwear, garments, food, house machines and endowments. This paper will contain three areas. Mainly, it will assess the miniaturized scale and large scale condition of Marks and Spencer. Also, the paper will utilize SWOT to assess the four features of its business. Finally, the paper will a draw a deduction concerning the entire assessment and give the fundamental proposals. Bug Analysis The broad outer components, which in a roundabout way influence an organization, contain lawful, political, social, monetary and innovative angles. These systems will show how the large scale condition impacts M&S in figuring its showcasing choices. Lawful and Political Environment It is urgent for firms to cling to government strategies and worldwide association structures, for example, the World Health Organization, while planning their showcasing approaches. Governments, especially in the propelled nations, focus on the human and natural condition life. Governments devise arrangements and frameworks to screen organizations and their items, for example, vitality sparing techniques and hereditarily adjusted staple guideline. The United Kingdom government has started vitality sparing strategies, for example, environmental change obligation and Green Tariff on vitality utilization to diminish carbon dioxide and provided subsidisations to improve its approaches. Imprints and Spencer has founded a motivating force plot in which stores can hold a 10% estimation of each sparing they create in its spending plan (Marks and Spencer 2012). This plan helps Marks and Spencer in sparing around 5 percent of M&S vitality. In current years, the quality innovation has ex panded essentially. A portion of the innovation has been used to produce food. In any case, a portion of the innovation can realize ecological contamination and imperil human wellbeing. Imprints and Spencer announced that it would stock non-GM nourishments upon its racks. Financial Economic perspectives influence firms to either create or save their business, for example, misfortune producing activities and their non-essential business tasks. For instance, the 9/11 mishap in United States made various firms experience dejections inside Europe and North American nations. The 9/11 setback in United States made customers adjust their buying propensities and deals diminished colossally. Truth be told, M&S lost about 8.6m pound worth of benefits in 2001-2002 from its overall retailers. Be that as it may, M&S has closed its deficiency producing activities inside Continental Europe and sold out its non-center business inside North America (Marks and Spencer 2012). Social Factors Bu yers’ needs change unendingly. Individuals want to feel present day, unique, and very much arranged. Along these lines, individuals purchase elegant clothing and spend Mastercards to satisfy their requirements. M&S stays aware of the most current shading and style. In spite of the fact that it has high-positioning quality merchandise, M&S co. doesn't consider the customers’ needs, especially in apparel advertise (Marks and Spencer 2012). Innovative Factors In the present period, data innovation has be

Reflection on Future Role as a Counselor - 1375 Words

Reflection on Future Role as a Counselor for Minority Groups (Essay Sample) Content: Reflection on Future Role as a Counselor for Minority GroupsName of StudentUniversity Reflection on Future Role as a Counselor for Minority GroupsAs a future counselor, I have a strong desire to work with minority groups. These groups include racial minorities, criminal offenders, multiracial, as well as sexual minority groups (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) individuals). The main reason I wish to work with these groups is because they constitute a marginalized section of society that is usually misunderstood as a result of social and racial stereotyping, prejudice, and rigidity of societal norms. Racial profiling, in particular, is associated with depression and other psychological disorders (Ontario Human Rights Commission, 2004). In addition, I intend to apply my knowledge in intercultural communication to work with cultural minorities. Professionally, I feel challenged to work in an environment that will expose me to cultural diversity and unique situations. I understand that working with these groups effectively requires one to shed off culture-based biases and prejudices, as well as resist popular stereotypes about minority groups. Cultural and Racial MinoritiesCultural and racial minorities comprise groups of people who make up a small percentage of a culturally diverse society. For instance, African-Americans, Asians, Latinos, Red Indians, ad Chinese constitute the minority groups in the U.S. On the other hand, Caucasians (whites) constitute the dominant racial group. As a result of their insignificant numbers compared to the majority group, cultural and racial minorities are often sidelined in decisions and policies that affect them. A case in point is the failure of the constitution to recognize customary laws that govern marriage institutions among minority groups, which illustrates the way in which these communities are marginalized. For instance, some communities in the U.S, such as Asians, are still governed by pat riarchal principles, which recognize the man as the head and sole bread winner of the family. On their part, women are regarded as mens subordinates in marriage, whereby they have to submit to the authority of their husbands. This situation presents cultural challenges when one is counseling couples experiencing family problems as a result of the wifes unwillingness to conform to societal expectations of her. For example, a modern Chinese wife may wish to pursue her career by taking up a job. This may conflict with what a patriarchal society expects of her; engaging in domestic chores like child rearing and home keeping. In counseling this group of clients, I will aim to resist stereotypical descriptions of cultural minorities, which paint them as uncivilized and steeped in archaic practices (Corey, 2012). I will approach counseling sessions by having an open mind and appreciating the value of their cultures values. One mistake that counselors may make is to admonish the man for bei ng out of touch with the modern society in which men and women have equal rights under the constitution. Thus, I will first seek to win their trust and confidence by understanding how their culture dictates husband-wife relationship in marriage. My role as a counselor is not to prescribe solutions, but to help the clients understand their situation and make appropriate decisions on their own. For instance, Ill ask the man if he can sufficiently provide for the familys needs without his wifes help. Ill point out the ways in which allowing his wife to work will help him and the family. I will then encourage them to discuss their financial situations, family responsibilities (taking care of children), and consider if getting a maid to help with household chores can solve their problem. In this way, I will help couples from minority groups see themselves as important individuals and authors of their own destiny, and not victims of western values. Sexual MinoritiesSexual minorities are i ndividuals whose sexuality is regarded as unnatural and, therefore, unacceptable in society. They include lesbians, gays, bisexuals, and transgender individuals, collectively labeled as LGBTs. Individuals who belong to any of these groups are often stigmatized and marginalized from the mainstream society due to their queer sexual behaviors. Consequently, persons who are anything but heterosexual are usually emotionally alienated from the rest of society, including the peers, friends, and family members. Consequently, they are often afraid of social rejection, castigation, and moral condemning from other members of society. In this regard, my interest to work with this group of clients is informed by my awareness of the challenges they face living in a society that frowns upon same-sex relationships. My goal is to help these socially rejected groups to come out and live open and fulfilling lives. I also hope to work with young people, who constitute a large number of the LGBTs and ar e the most affected by their unconventional sexual orientation. This is mainly due to the pressures within the school and peer environment as well as struggles with coming out (Sue Sue, 2013, p. 478). Adolescents face a bigger problem because they depend on their families and relatives for emotional, financial, and moral support. The fear of social rejection may prevent them from leading normal lives, because revealing their sexual identities is likely to disconnect them from other family members both socially and emotionally. For cultural and racial minorities who are also gay or lesbian, their situation is made even worse as a result of double marginalization; rejection from their own ethnic members on the one hand and racism from the dominant culture on the other (Sue Sue, 2013, p. 479). Adults may face the additional challenge revealing their sexuality when looking for marriage partners. In this consideration, my role as a counselor for sexual minorities is to help affected in dividuals develop coping and survival skills that will enable them deal with possible rejection from friends and family members (Sue Sue 2013, p. 477). Therefore, my role will be encouraging clients in same-sex relationships, bisexuals, and transgender individuals to come out in the open and discuss their sexuality as one way of coping with phobias that result from internalized and external heterosexism (Sue Sue, 2013, p. 479). The concepts of internalized and external heterosexism refer to the set of societal values and beliefs about the proper sexual relationships, i.e. those that are accepted by society as normal. My approach in dealing with this group of individuals is by avoiding misconceptions about the psychological condition of LGBT persons. Counselors may be tempted to think along societal beliefs that being a lesbian, gay, bisexual or transgender is a symptom of a psychological or social disorder. This reasoning may tempt counselors to use treatment therapies aimed at re versing their clients sexual orientation. Although well-intended, this approach may convince the clients that their natural sexuality is questionable and, therefore, not acceptable in society. With this understanding, my approach will involve helping sexual minority groups accept their sexuality as normal and develop coping skills to allow them overcome prejudices, social rejection, and rejection.Individuals with Multiracial DescentMultiracial individuals in...

The Ethical Systems of Kant and Mill Essay - 2185 Words

The ethical systems of Kant and Mill: A comparison and contrast Ricardo Renta What part does happiness play in determining the morality of an act in a situation? Can a concept that ties morality to the search of happiness truly be rational? What of the opposite? Is it possible to view every situation with objectivity, never taking into account an emotion (like happiness)? The questions above concern themselves with the part of the central tenets of the ethical views of two very important philosophers, respectfully: John Mill and Immanuel Kant. The ethical theories that these two philosophers laid out clash with each other in fundamental ways, from how reason was defined, to the role that â€Å"happiness† played in determining the ethical†¦show more content†¦The second formulation, which Kant titled â€Å"Humanity As An End In Itself â€Å", simply states that true morality stems from ones interactions with people. In this formulation, Kant states that humanity is an end in itself, and should never be treated as a mean. What Kant meant by th is is that humans, being rational creatures, should never be treated as objects to reach an end, but that the way you treat them should be an end in itself. Kant argued that by objectifying another person, or possibly even yourself, you are undermining the human potential of rationality and will. John Mills system of ethics, was very much different than that of Kants. Mills system, which he based on utilitarianism, placed happiness and morality on the same side of the proverbial coin, rather than on opposing sides. For Mill, the foundation of morality rested upon the level of happiness (or absence of suffering) that a decision would bring. This is not to say that the happiness of one trumps all else, however. Instead, Mills theory states that the most ethical choice that can be made is the one that brings the most happiness to largest amount of people. This allows Mills system to check unbridled selfishness, making you take into account the feelings of others. In keeping with the theme of happiness/pleasure, Mill believed that there existed two basic types of pleasure: pleasuresShow MoreRelatedImmanuel Kant And John Stuart Mill1261 Words   |  6 Pagesthat inspire the action, or the consequences that result from the action?† Second, the philosophers I am going to disc uss throughout this paper are Immanuel Kant and John Stuart Mill. Now before I tell you my answer to this question I am going to explain these who these two philosophers are and what their viewpoints on ethics are. Immanuel Kant was born in what is now Germany in 1724 and died in 1804 and was the type of philosopher to act out of duty. He believes that actions should be performed outRead MoreThomas Mill And Immanuel Kant Essay1484 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is really ethical? What is right? What is wrong? What are the factors involved in making the distinction between killing and letting die? What is the difference between killing one to save five and leaving one to die while rescuing five? Philippa Foot created a thought experiment that presents two cases known as Rescue I and Rescue II. In these cases, one must create a dissimilarity between doing and allowing. They must ask themselves what would be the moral thing to do. Philosophers have triedRead MoreLast Year, One Of The Most Talked About Mainstream Movies1636 Words   |  7 PagesDoss served with distinction at Hacksaw Ridge, saving approximately 75 people, including enemy soldiers, as a medic. For his bravery, Doss became the first ma n in American history to earn the Medal of Honor without firing a bullet. To discern the ethical issues of this movie, it is useful to examine a scene from Hacksaw Ridge (2016) that is emblematic of the potential pitfalls the movie possesses. Late in the film, Doss (played by Andrew Garfield) is scavenging the now quiet battlefield for woundedRead MoreThe Best Fit890 Words   |  4 PagesImmanuel Kant was one of the best philosophers in the 17th century, and created the Categorical Imperative, and John Stuart Mill was one of the best philosopher on the 18th century, and created The Utilitarianism ethical system, but which one made the best moral theory that best fits our culture and community? As we have seen in Chapter 7, ethics differs from culture to culture. In our culture we developed ourselves wanting materials and adventures that gives us pleasure and happiness. The ethical systemsRead MoreEssay on The Golden Rule in Kant and Mills Ethical Theories1320 Words   |  6 Pagespurpose. The two most important philosophers that deal with ethics are Im manuel Kant and John Stuart Mill. Kant’s ethical theory is Kantianism or deontological ethics. Mill’s ethical theory is utilitarianism. Both philosophers’ theories have many differences; Kant’s theory deals with conduct, seeking reason for good action in duty. Mill’s theory deals with consequences and maximizing human happiness. However both Kant and Mill’s ethics relate to the important biblical principal of the Golden RuleRead MoreFord Pinto Case For A Defective Fuel System903 Words   |  4 PagesFORD PINTO ASSIGNMENT The Ford Pinto case involved the explosion of Ford Pinto s due to a defective fuel system. The fuel system was designed in a way that even with a small hit the car would explode. After the cost-benefit analysis, Ford decided to go with its original gas tank designed despite the crash-test result. At that time Ford thought that would be the most ethical decision for the business. But later in 1978 media paid more attention to the Pinto gas tank stories, which resulted in accidentsRead MoreThe Trolley Problems875 Words   |  4 Pagesin that the two cases are two morally different ways of presenting the same dilemma. The key difference between the switch case and the platform case is the directness of the consequences of one’s actions. I will argue using Kant’s deontological ethical theory why one should pull the lever but not push the backpacker because of the different affects on morality that arises with the change in role you play in each scenario. When presented with the switch case a utilitarianist and most people wouldRead MoreImmanuel Kant And John Stuart Mill1206 Words   |  5 Pagesmorality, there is no right answer to dilemmas only different opinions. Immanuel Kant and John Stuart Mill are philosophers with two different views on a person’s moral conscious. Kant believes morality is a duty that people should hold above their own happiness. On the other hand, Mill believes happiness is the goal of morality and the more happiness is acquired at the end is the most moral. According to Immanuel Kant, morality is a duty people must hold above their own happiness. For something toRead MoreComparing Political Philosophy Theories1095 Words   |  5 PagesAssociate Level Material Ethical Theory Comparison Chart Respond to the prompt for each of the five ethical theories listed. One section on each chart has been filled in as an example. What is good? (1–2 sentences) Aristotle – Virtue EthicsMill – UtilitarianismKant – DeontologyConsequentialismNodding – Care Ethicswhat would you say is our principal or highest objective by nature? According to Aristotle, it is the attainment of happiness, for it is that alone that we seekRead MoreEthical Theory and Bullying in Sports1462 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿BULLYING IN SPORTS AND ETHICAL THEORY Introduction In contemporary American sports, coaches can, at times, be extremely temperamental and my resort to bullying tactics to try to motivate their players to get them to perform at their highest possible level. This may take the form of face-to-face confrontation in which coaches challenge individual players in private, or it may take the form of publicly humiliating individual players or groups of players in front of the rest of the team to motivate

Classical And Operant Conditioning, Discovered By. Skinner...

Classical and Operant conditioning, discovered by B.F. Skinner and Ivan Pavlov, are two types of behavioral theories in psychology used to describe why a certain person may respond in various ways to different situations. Ms. Larson’s ideas are not working simply because she is employing positive reinforcement, when she should employ positive punishment. A positive reinforcement is when a person adds stimulation to the environment (ie. Ms. Larson Scolding the class) in order to increase behavior. Positive punishment however, is when a person adds stimulation to the environment in order to decrease behavior. Ms. Larson wanted to decrease the students’ behavior, therefore positive punishment would have been ideal. Given this, Ms. Larson could have added stimulation such as a prize given to the student with the best behavior at the end of each week. Operant conditioning is used to describe the reaction of the environment based off of the addition of stimuli. There are four types of this conditioning, positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, positive punishment and negative punishment. Positive reinforcement is when stimuli is added to the environment in order for a behavior to increase, a great example of this would be Ms. Larson Scolding her class (added stimuli) as the students continue to act unruly. (Behavior increased) Next there is negative reinforcement, which is when something is taken away in order for the environment to increase behavior. If a class isShow MoreRelatedEssay Operant Conditioning1743 Words   |  7 PagesIvan Pavlov Classical conditioning is a method used in behavioral studies. It is known as classical because it is the first study of laws of learning/conditioning, It is a learned reaction that you do when evoked by a stimulus. Ivan Pavlov was the scientist who discovered classical conditioning. Ivan Pavlov was born in Russia. He lived from 1849 - 1936 . Pavlov’s field of study was physiology and natural science. One of Pavlov’s discoveries was the conditioning of dogs. WhileRead MorePavlov s Classical Conditioning Vs. Operant Conditioning1172 Words   |  5 PagesPavlov’s Classical Conditioning vs. B.F. Skinner’s Operant Conditioning Bhavika D. Patel Atlantic Community College Abstract Ivan Pavlov and B.F. Skinner both studied learning, in which they both did different experiments on different animals and with different conditioning. Classical conditioning is the process in which two stimuli become linked; once this association has been recognized, an originally neutral stimulus is conditioned to provoke an involuntary response. The dogs in Pavlov’s studiesRead MoreIvan Pavlov, John Watson, And B. F. Skinner1272 Words   |  6 Pagestheory presented by Ivan Pavlov in the early twentieth century. Learning, as defined by the Merriam-Webster dictionary, is described as the modification of a behavioral tendency by experience. In psychology terms, learning is often known as a lasting change in behavior as a result of experience. The psychology behind learning became more and more of a focus in the early 1900’s as behaviorism (the theory that human, and animal, behavior can be explained in terms of conditioning) rose to fame upon theRead MoreThe Theory Of Classical Conditioning Theory Essay712 Words   |  3 Pagestheories of Ivan Pavlov, John B Watson, Edward Thorndike, BF Skinner, John Bowlby (1958), and Mary Anisworth (1979) Two important learning theories of behaviorist perspective are classical and operant conditioning and are two important concepts to psychology. The processes are different but they both result in learning. Classical conditioning theory involves learning a new behaviour through the process of association. Ivan Pavlov (1849-1936) discovered the concept of classical conditioning whilstRead MoreBehaviorism As A Psychological Theory Of Human Development942 Words   |  4 Pagesenvironment also known as conditioning. Conditioning is a learning process in which an environment stimulus elicits a response, and an individual learns from the association between that stimulus and response. (Cherry, 2010 ) Among John B. Watson s studies of behaviorism there were several others who contributed towards the idea behind behaviorism. Ivan Pavlov was a major contributor to the theory of behaviorism. Ivan Pavlov accidentally discovered the idea of conditioning through his observationalRead MoreBehaviorism s Theory Of Psychology983 Words   |  4 Pagesanalysis of behavior can be traced back to Pavlov. Pavlov focused on the behavior of animals. History of Behaviorism The history of behaviorism began in the early 20th century in North America. A psychologist by the name of John Watson was the person who brought forth the concept of behaviorism; Watson wanted to create an objective science of psychology. The whole inspiration for behaviorism comes from Watson’s interest of Russian psychologist Ivan Pavlov, who studied animal learning. The behaviorismRead MoreSimilarities Between Pavlov, John B. Skinner And Classical Conditioning1316 Words   |  6 Pageswere Ivan Pavlov, John B. Watson, B.F. Skinner, and Albert Bandura. These men played a huge part in exploring the process of learning. While Watson and Pavlov focused on classical conditioning, Skinner worked with operant condition, and Bandura experimented with observational learning. All in all, these psychologist discovered many things about the process of learning, many of which I can apply to my own life experiences. Ivan Pavlov spent most of his time studying classical conditioning, a typeRead MoreThe Theory of Operant Conditioning1136 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ The Theory of Operant Conditioning PSY390 October 6, 2014 Introduction The study of human behavior by psychologists such as B.F. Skinner, Edward Thorndike, Ivan Pavlov, and Watson is fascinating. These five psychologists each have different theories on human behavior. There are similarities and differences in each of the theories. Ivan Pavlov’s classical conditioning theory, studied animals and formed the basis for behavioral psychology (Cherry, 2013). Edward Thorndike’sRead MoreBtec Unit 8,P1 Health and Social Essay1253 Words   |  6 Pagestheories to help explain how we learn, Classical conditioning and operant conditioning. In this task I will attempt to describe and evaluate this approach. Ivan Pavlov was a Russian Physiologist. At the end of the 19th century Pavlov was conducting research into the physiology of digestion in dogs. 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Ethics and Sustainability Investors and Shareholders

Question: Discuss about theEthics and Sustainabilityfor Investors and Shareholders. Answer: Principles Trends Driving Corporate Ethics and Sustainability Article - Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility Identifying and Describing the Principles Trends that Drive Corporate Ethics and Sustainability Sustainability reporting grows gradually but the tools are still driving. As mentioned by Cavalieri (2007) as sustainability continue to increase the importance inside the organizations around the globe. However, the demands for accountability are also growing widely. It is observed that they come from the diverse players, which could vary by sector and geography. The drivers include changing needs of the customers, employees, investors, shareholders and policy markers. Thus, each group acquires its own interest. Another trend that drives business ethics and sustainability is CFOs role in sustainability. It is observed that CFO of the company were usually not deeply engaged in sustainability efforts considering them. The CFO plays an important role in forming the investor relations and providing the external reporting and assurance. There have some other trends such as transparency, quality, corporation and protection of the environment that have wide impact on the business ethics and the sustainability. While reviewing the transparency, it is learnt that transparency is creating the influence with some opposition to become a significant condition of access and permanence. In this context, Cavalieri (2007) commented that information is a significant aspect of democratic life as it permits people to make relevant and conscious decisions. Furthermore, the trends also exist in the form of the labor rights. Due to the change in the political environment, the workers increase the demands because of the continuous support from the labor union. Hence, the organizations need to enhance the strategies of satisfying the needs of workers through corporate principles. Evaluating the Relevance of the Article It is evident that every business industry has become dynamic; thereby, the needs and demands of people are changing. Therefore, there is a significance of business ethics and sustainability. This article has been reviewed based on the topic and the organization that are selected for the group assignment. Business ethics positively influence the operation of the company. The organization chosen for the group assignment highly maintains the business ethics to avoid the external business obstacles. The business usually relies on the sustainability strategy. Thu, most of the large organizations prefer to implement sustainability strategies in the form of execution of CSR activities. Thus, sustainability in business is one of the significant aspects. On the contrary, business ethics should also be considered while planning for the future expansion of business. In order to increase the sales, expand the market share and gains external stability in business, it is necessary for the organiz ation to comply with the regulation set for trading. While running the business in the global environment, it is mandatory for the company to implement the regulations developed by the country. Non-compliance with the regulation could lead to undesired consequence (Cavalieri 2007). The organization may get into the trouble of breaching the laws, which could tarnish the brand image in the market. Providing Recommendation The article provides an insight regarding the significance of business ethics and sustainability. However, a gap found in the article, which clearly shows the author has missed out the discussion the strategies or the business models that are required to deal with the changing needs that have wide impact on the sustainability management. The author should add a discussion on the strategy formulation in terms of sustainability and business ethics. For example, the organizations both the SMEs and the large organizations need to incorporate ethics into the significant strategies. Hence, they could develop a sustainable business model. On the contrary, another suggestion should be provided regarding the application of business ethics. The research should be conducted on the fact how country regulations, trade laws affect the operation of the business. The article can be further extended by considering the operation of a particular organization. Part Two Topic: Appraising CSR from the perspective of a range of stakeholder interests at a national and international level Article: The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Employees- Summarizing the Article Briefly The article provides an insight about the influence of CSR activities on employees. In the last few years, industries have witnessed a significant increase of societys overall focus on the issues regarding the sustainable progress. The article makes it clear that the above-mentioned trend could largely affect both organizations as well as consumers. On the discussion of the article, Stancu, Grigore and Rosca (2011) have mentioned that the concept of sustainable development is developed in the scientific lecture. The concept has further included the implementation of community development, corporate citizenship, and social responsibility. Therefore, the organizations in the present era have started developing and implementing the social responsibility. The article also suggests that organizations and the society should have to work together and this approach could add value for parties engaged. The initiative also brings new market opportunities to the organization. The article concer ning the benefits of CSR finds out some significant aspects such as growth in sales, market share, strengthens brand position and develops the corporate identity. The article also presents a literature review that provides the insight regarding how the organizations are in the rush of engaging themselves in CSR activities. By implementing the appropriate research methodology, the study collects the outcome in terms of the engagement in the CSR activities of the organization. The article includes an intensive primary analysis. The purpose of the article was to gain a better understanding of how the employees of the large and small organization consider the CSR activities. Thus, the finding from the survey conducted brings in different significant aspects. It is observed that majority of the respondents consider that respecting workers right and providing them the faire wages and safety at the workplace is the most crucial dimension (Stancu, Grigore and Rosca 2011). The article also provides an insight that women are more likely to involve in the CSR activities in comparison with men. Article Appraising CSR from the Perspective of a Range of Stakeholder Interests at a National and Internal Level It is observed that organizations both in national and international business environment are not involved in implementing the CSR activities have to deal with the increasing external issues. It is necessary for the organizations to engage themselves in the CSR activities (Stancu, Grigore and Rosca 2011). For example, while running the operation out from the local domestic market, it is advisable for the company to hire the employees from that market. Hence, the organizations directly contribute to the increase of employment rate. By doing this, firms receive support from countrys government despite the political instability. In addition to this, in order to gain the trust of stakeholders like customers, the organizations need to perform the CSR activities. For example, the social campaigns like promoting awareness regarding HIV disease helps the community to understand such as initiative. This sort of initiative helps the organization to increase the market share. On the contrary, p roviding the necessary benefits to the workers helps to control the turnover rate. This can also be considered as the social contribution. Evaluating the Relevance of the Article The article provides a deep understanding regarding the importance of sustainability and the implementation of CSR activities. The study provides a critical analysis about how the organizations are implementing the initiatives as the corporate responsibilities. The chosen article is relevant to the group assignment as this article also talks about CSR activities that have large impact on the employees. Likewise, in the group assignment, an organization has been chosen, which has wide involvement in CSR activities. The assignment discusses about how the organization has enhanced its performance by contributing to CSR activities and at the same time satisfying the needs of employees. The discussion conducted in the article helps to observe increasing importance of marketing stakeholder was emphasized on American Marketing Association. The authors nourish this concept, which means the concept extends beyond satisfying customer needs and to include other relevant stakeholders, which coul d affect organizations and the organizational activities. On the contrary, the organizations have started engaging themselves in the CSR activities to satisfy the needs or to respond to external demand (Stancu, Grigore and Rosca, 2011). The organizations also understand the positive effects of Corporate Responsibilities. Thus, it can be mentioned that article highlights the significance of CSR activities and its future consequence. Providing Recommendations It is obvious that article highlights some significant aspects associated with the implementation of the CSR activities. The author provides the evidences of CSR execution and provides the consequences. The research includes an intensive primary analysis to measure the impact of CSR activities. However, the research did not particularly consider any organization to observe the impact. The research also lacks a secondary analysis, which could have exposed the results of CSR activities implemented by the organizations. In addition, author of the article may consider a real scenario of CSR activities or the organization. Reference list: Cavalieri, E., 2007. Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility.Symphonya. Emerging Issues in Management, (2), pp.24-34. Stancu, A., Grigore, G.F. and Rosca, M.I., 2011. The impact of corporate social responsibility on employees.International Proceedings of Economics Development and Research,21, pp.11-17.